The early 60s, and we three siblings living in Taiyuan, Shanxi, followed by her grandmother and mother .63 in the day, suddenly a man fell from the sky: car to the one wearing a woolen coat, incomparable grace of the good old man. We know that he is just as war criminals by the KMT government amnesty.
grandfather and we share together infrequently, he is reading all day, to the CPPCC meeting, as we look at work with us on the park. Cultural Revolution started, our home for many people. they have a common name is posters pasted at our doorstep, above that age there is more depend on the word in order to allow the courtyard between the people do not know that I was this child, I do not go at that time the main entrance, to go around to the back door.
1967, the grandfather is staying up late for us to do when the procession of lanterns fallen. was never up.
we can see very little about my grandfather's words, just know that he is reading the textile university, been to Southeast Asia, been to the Whampoa Military Academy, the KMT will be done, mill managers, school principals, but also self-directed film Chen Yan's blog, he put together two rare historical materials. grandfather's name and many people with lofty ideals together. Even Zhao Man and grandfather on both participated in the revolution.
(our grandfather, Chen Wei, the grandmother, such as Mao Chun)
The following is taken from Chen Yanbo October 2026, the Northern Expeditionary Army capture of Wuhan, the Nationalist government moved to Wuhan, the National Revolutionary Army headquarters in Nanchang, still commander in chief of Chiang Kai-shek and the Whampoa Military Academy (the central military-political school) principals. climax of the situation in the Northern Expedition under the influence of the Great Revolution country young people who have enthusiastically joined the army and the revolutionary situation to meet the needs of the development organization at the end of 1926, Wuhan University. except by the Whampoa Military Academy in Guangzhou the fifth to move to the political, engineering, artillery and other students at the outside (infantry, logistics, Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy and other subjects are still main campus), while in Shanghai, Beijing, Wuhan, Chongqing and other areas of open and secret political science students to recruit the sixth, as the Northern Expeditionary Army captured Wuhan, Sichuan warlords, have been changing of the guard, was renamed the National Revolution Army. 1926 winter, the National Revolutionary Army General Political Department Director Chen Yanda to send his troops but the staff (Sichuan, Chongqing, the war criminals in 1963 by the management of amnesty release) Ren Zhaosheng members to Chongqing for the sixth recruit matters of political science students, the recruitment is in agreement with the Sichuan Provincial Party Headquarters for the KMT, the KMT of its time in Chongqing, Sichuan bamboo two party headquarters, one in the pool with leftists Province Department of Chongqing, one located in Chongqing, the total Earth Temple belongs to the KMT Headquarters and Western Hills right-wing faction. Chen Wei in the sixth to Chongqing to recruit students of political science, is in consultation with the Headquarters and for the pond. Admission Regulations of Chongqing first test, taking extra places, and then the Wuhan Branch School Part re-examination. At the time, I read Southern Normal School, just close to graduation, in December 1926 Headquarters and introduced by the Lotus Pond is applying for admission. Wuhan Branch sixth admitted women, this is the period of the Whampoa Military Academy are not things. travel is to participate in Chongqing Comrade Xi an exam and I did not know the original Yu Xi comrades, into the Wuhan branch is also less after the contact, her name when applying for Chongqing, Chongqing from the KMT party headquarters left the preparation of people Liu Chenghui hear, and Liu Chenghui Department of Chongqing, the local head of the Communist Youth League. I read on the Southern Normal School joined the Youth League, to Chongqing, Wuhan Branch, and Liu Chenghui applying for a contact. Chongqing, Liu Xiang I talked about aspects of a child applying for child of the girls, Cao Zezhi, etc. who also mentioned the name of Comrade Yu Xi. memories of Liu from the child about the child, child of the Department of Child Youth League, to Chongqing, where the work needs, without their applying for, children do not obey the organization decided to participate in applying for is still admission.
supervision was in the aftermath of Chongqing Kang Liu Xiang, the National Revolutionary Army has been changed to the twenty-first Corps. to re-examination of the boys and girls to participate in Wuchang and Liu Xiang representations, take a special round of the East down to Yichang, for by China Merchants also heard his name, I was at such a tour to see Comrade Xi. She gave me the impression, in the women belong to the tall, freckled point, look warm and serious. Chongqing local students applying for the men and women, France came from Chongqing University and Sichuan legislature both the second woman Normal School, Department of French University, Mr. Wu (Mr. Wu Yuzhang) are to do. provinces and two female teachers, by Xiao Chu F, Daiying the revolutionary influence of the two, Mr. very well. I heard Comrade Yu Xi provinces and two female teachers attended, she decided to join the army for a girl cause of devotion to the proletarian revolution, mainly due to a high degree of political consciousness, but at the same time and the environment in which there are relations.
Yanda
Wuchang from Chongqing to participate in re-examination of the male and female students, live in sub-camp of the class struggle in Wuchang city hotel. retest College main campus in Wuhan, Hubei and Hunan Branch held to quota restrictions, some are not admitted. but the girls were admitted as much, Chongqing to know the girls have called Fen, because there is no re-examination on the bad paper. Wuhan Branch in early February 1927 opening, taking the boys and girls are recruited into the school after the students prepared for the Corps, boys, section a second two brigades, a brigade is divided one to four teams, two battalion is divided five to eight teams, each team hundred and twenty people, living within the College of Hunan and Hubei. girls team of about two to three hundred people, live in a school gates Kaobi hospital, transferred from Guangzhou the fifth political force students to live within the College of Hunan and Hubei. engineers, two artillery brigades to live off campus. entering the school, the name of President Chiang Kai-shek was still negative, is still negative foreign party in the name of Wang Ching-wei, into the school until shortly after Wang returned to Wuhan from abroad. length of Education Zhang Zhizhong (Guangzhou Huangpu Military Education Campus length Fangding Ying), army commander for the Yang Shusong students, political director for the Zhou Fohai, political instructors for the Daiying total. Zhang Zhizhong, Zhou Fohai They, as we entered the school about two to three months after the succession to Chiang Kai-shek at Nanking, individual students have to go right Nationalist Nanjing. Chiang Kai-shek in the send Deng Yanda, Daiying, Tan Yankai three were standing committee, Tan to smooth known, but the nominal only, of education at the former Huangpu Military Academy military trainers Hou Lianying successor. Political Department of the facilities storage system (that is Shi Fu-liang) successor. Guangzhou Incident, Wuhan, Wuhan Military Academy for the central government to the military and political schools in the school. Most people know that Chiang Kai-shek has served as president of the Whampoa Military Academy, and in 1927, Wuhan Branch for some time, President Chiang Kai-shek's name, had been abandoned by the wave of revolution, this history, ordinary people may not fully understand.
the historical background of the Revolution, Wuhan Branch students, especially the sixth students to support Sun Yat-sen is the Communists and the Kuomintang, the three left-wing policies. originally Youth League, and into the school, the majority of transfer of the party. Comrade Chen Yi, and later served as secretary of the Central Military Commission of Sichuan Province were underground Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang Liming Ke killed comrades, Wuhan branch party leaders. At that time the leadership of the party Central Military Commission, at intervals of a week or two on a Sunday leave within a primary school in Wuchang activists hold a General Assembly, presided over by the Nie, Comrade Zhou Enlai attended several times for political reporting. Wuhan Branch members most students attended this meeting. Wuhan Branch of military students in addition to learning the political, but also often participate in school promotional activities. Tour Comrade Xi an active part. Northern Expedition army, Zhang Fakui the Fourth Army of people have visited the division round by the week of the first general who headed an iron Corps. the most active workers picket in Wuhan, also went to visit and study, the same as male and female students into the army clothing, girls Wuhansanzhen people team called Wuhan counter-revolutionary sabotage Whampoa rightist Yang cited the Wuhan Branch of students found to be arrested, tied to the General Assembly rostrum. travel passion in the General Assembly, Comrade Xi Smirnov, constantly shouting revolutionary slogans of the scene, still fresh in my mind float years.
Xi Yu May and June 1927, Wuhan, Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek to go to Henan, the National Revolutionary Army transferred the occasion of the Northern Expedition that Wuhan empty, under the instigation of Sichuan Province in eastern Sichuan warlords Yeung Sum and in Yichang Hubei reactionary forces in summer Douyin invade Wuhan. In this critical moment, the Wuhan government decided to crusade (that expedition Battle), Wuhan Branch of all students prepared for the central independent division, order of battle return General Ye Ting command to Houlian Ying Ren, teachers, Poplar Song deputy division commander. Central Independent Division along the long path Xianning Wu, Po listening, char, Mianyang area to attack, outnumbered, but the morale of strong employment of corrupt army, in one fell swoop Yeung Sum, summer Douyin two defeated. towel in the battle there were many heroic epic. One night, a regiment of the central independent attack Mianyang Normal peak Ministry of Town Ngo, Derick Yeung Sum division, the division heard a student army assault Han Shasheng immediate flight, even the king Wenjun my luggage abandoned. The next morning, we clearly blew away three thousand meters to Chong Fenghao. central independent division of another summer offensive million elite fighting division Yin Yao Huang trip. Results Wan Yao Huang escape with operations commands are supposed to. westwards in the publicity and girls teams to participate in field work as health care. Yu Xi is one of the gay, straight does not consider their own safety, regardless of physical exertion, always adhere to the task. girls have a team called Bingying of girls (I heard later the reactionary Chiang Kai-shek took to the road) to attend in person after a westward expedition wrote a Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution and the punitive expedition Yeung Sum, summer Douyin and political leadership to accept the Communist Party has improved and positive performance in the Whampoa Military Academy is the more prominent of the period.
Bingying
expedition ended in victory, the Central Independent Teachers return to Wuhan, the training should be back to school, because of the Wuhan government Wang, Sun Ke, Tang Sheng-chih and other sudden changes in the attitudes, Cunningham increasingly clear signs of convergence. squad Tang Sheng-chih and even to withdraw more undisguised in Wuhan Branch said. in the situation difficult circumstances, Wu H cadets not arrived and Hunan City College, the change in the outskirts of South Lake College. We feel the situation at non-mood extremely heavy. Comrade Guo was appointed deputy director of the General Political Department, had made to South Lake College a speech, he attitude of revolutionary optimism, it is funny to say very happy to be the scenic South Lake, meaningful, we are encouraged, but after Comrade Guo will no longer appear in public, and Daiying the environment does not allow continue in office to leave us. Mr. Deng Yanda no longer met. In order to guard against unexpected attacks, heavily armed and bags of all students to take several days outside the height of summer in the Wuchang area for field exercises Zhuodao Quan, the two armies fight for the hills, very realistic. This When the students have left because of the work environment relationship, there are some automatic leave. while the Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy Campus six students were reactionaries come to campus in Wuhan, as well as from the Corps into the school in Wuhan.
campus this part of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Wuhan, an extremely dangerous situation in the environment, how to survive, is the urgent problem was to Wuhan Second Army commander Zhang Fakui leftist government attitudes have not changed, and thus prepared for the Army, Wuhan Military training regiment. Later, Comrade Ye Jianying and other training regiment, led by the south to Guangzhou, December 11, 1927 took part in the shock Kuomintang reactionaries Guangzhou Uprising. Tour Xi and other comrades in the bloody battle of three days of heroic sacrifice, the practice of devotion to the revolution when she Toubicongrong promise.
Li Shuning (Zhao Man)
ZENG Zhi Lan and her husband Sui Ye
[Big Yan case: Chen Wei grandfather sent in by Deng Yanda, Wuhan Branch of the Whampoa Military Academy is responsible for admissions, admitted the tour in Sichuan Xi, Li Shuning (later renamed the Zhao Man) and so on more than 180 finalists in the female autobiography 78 years old, the youngest also had over 60. plus their next-generation, twenty come gather together, from all domestic and foreign, is clearly a rare happy ending. six elderly people are successful learning achievements intellectuals, all of them are healthy, optimistic, full of energy, wind conversation, sing songs they are so passionate devotion, loud and unrestrained, impressed me. However, they face the vicissitudes of life, deep eyes and the memories of few words, I notice that behind them there will be an extraordinary family history. the next few days, I conducted a number of them were interviewed and read some of them to write a memoir, read them untold hardships preserved precious photos, I learned a lot of unknown cause endless bitterness of the past.
Revolutionary Army pawns in their father, but Chen was a general in the Kuomintang era, after the liberation as a imprisoned for 12 years, out of 1963 amnesty. Over the years, to go abroad to join the party, promotion, housing distribution and even get married had to lean back, into the other register, turn tail man, tire. Ministry of the faithful that was highly appreciated by the novel in the end depends on his personal qualities. After years of reflection, Now they can confidently say few words to his father, but his father was a true innocent.
Chen Wei in 1896 (dynasty 22 years) was born in Sichuan Longchang a landlord courtiers family, his father, the late Qing Dynasty who rose to the rank in the five chemicals Road station. He is the eldest son of three brothers in the the like Ba Jin's Sun Yat-sen's revolution under the influence, actively engaged in anti-imperialist struggle .1911 years, or a high school student, he has actively participated in the vigorous Railway Protection Movement in Sichuan Han, Longchang County is a Paul comrades Junior Member .1914 years (Republic of China 3 years) decided to leave, give up all right of inheritance, the East out of Kuimen, armed with Shanghai school, was put on no return, when he was 18 years old. Nantong Textile College graduate more to flee South Pacific Islands ,1920 -1926 six-year period, worked in Indonesia Bangka Island, Malaya, Langkawi and Penang, the establishment of three schools and from the president of China, spread to the children of the motherland's culture overseas by the British and Dutch colonial government persecution.
1926, returned home, Toubicongrong, attended by the Mr. Sun Bingwen introduced the revolutionary Northern Expedition, in the General Political Department Director Deng Yanda, Guo's men, either round-military propaganda chief, to become a pawn of the military revolution, many undertake a dangerous mission, overcame hardships, survived. As a member of the KMT left, he and the Communists in the revolutionary army made friends with .1926 in the winter of the Whampoa Military Academy in Wuhan has been appointed as members of campus enrollment, sent to Chongqing, is responsible for recruitment male and female students in the sixth issue of political families, this is the first women students Whampoa Military Academy. He left the KMT Headquarters and in the local help, well done, the progress of recruitment to the number of highly qualified students, including non- small underground Communist Youth League, the growth in the military a firm proletarian revolutionary fighters, including those subsequently died in the war martyrs and other travel Xi. Task cross, he met way back in summer in the bucket Yin, Yeung Sum mutiny, rebel prisoners, accused of for the Communist Party, tortured, and then fled back half of Wuhan.
an old friend work Mao Mao Mao Tsai initiatives form the sister of his wife, with the sword and a secondary school (Nanchang sword and was a famous private school, after the liberation of merging with the other two secondary schools for the provincial II.) He taught high school chemistry and algebra, the wife of the Chinese Ministry of Education and the history of girls. At the same time, old comrades in arms with the ex-partner opened a lake in the East withdrawal of ground cover members. To this end the couple have been arrested in jail. coffee shop close down, can not survive in Nanchang, in 1930 with a son born six months quietly went to Shanghai.
ad to the film pioneer
Shanghai, Chen Xinmin, but the first short film factory work with which the film production techniques. can not think of that have become his future opportunity to enter the United States and Asia Silk Factory.
Mo Mayer Origin Zhejiang Silk Factory is clear and the American Orchid Fun cooperative wall early last century, founded a joint venture of 20 industrial enterprises, employing sound Cai white manager. Cai had studied in MIT, well versed in Western business way, know how to select the newest and most cause for concern the media to Plan: Since the United States and Asia can buy film, projection equipment, self-promotional self-mapping products and related knowledge Mayer video? amount of money it needs and how the probability of success? Chen said but sure worth a try. Cai put He called up Mayer plant, while his fellow students hired permanent charge of advertising affairs of high things.
1931 Chen Wei, 35 years old, just entering middle age, but experienced a variety of job training, in particular, the test of war and prison, is already more mature and capable of. He took over the creative work, first of all procurement-related facilities and equipment to 750 yuan to purchase a gently used ocean Portable DEURY film machine, and bought a medium-sized films projection equipment, to when to start a three, self-directed and proactive. according to traditional Chinese mulberry, sericulture, silk reeling, silk fabric in the order and go to the countryside mulberry grove, village and town households silkworm house style manual silk workshops, one by one well-taken; go back to the factory's various production plants, into the basket from the cocoon into the plant, the piece of silk to the plane, shows the advanced equipment and supporting large enterprises and managed order. last addition Our organization has many on the star of the scene to participate in record fashion show of silk to form a complete advertising the film face.
Cai sound white cast such a large energy and financial resources, careful planning is one of his domestics Silk brand awareness and prepare to open up foreign markets, the intention is to recover the lost ground on silk accounted for. He personally led the AIU domestics mission to Southeast Asia Silk Exhibition Siam (now Thailand), Annan (now Vietnam), Malaysia and Singapore. kind exhibition at the same time, along screening of show to be broadcast with a phonograph with music, with commentary about the public address microphone. the beautiful rural scenery of southern silkworm, Mayer modern factories, domestics splendid silk fashion, elegant, gentle, elegant and graceful with their stars to win the sound of applause from the audience bursts of praise awoke the number of wandering abroad homesickness.
went on to carry out domestic exhibitions and film promotion: Summer 1932 and Chen from high thing but in constant led to go to Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Shantou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Wenzhou, Ningbo, coastal city of 7 large; the fall of 1934, another Su Jiangxi, the Wuhu, Jiujiang, Nanchang, Hankou, Changsha, Shashi, Yichang, Chongqing, Wanxian and straight. at home and abroad have access to several large-scale exhibition a great success and the development of enterprises and brand unspeakable played a role. the original occupation of Southeast Asia by the Japanese silk market gradually recovered .1933 Mayer, the Mayer plant restructuring of its nine factories attached to more than 20 stock company branch of business. .
film promotion ended, but the stay in the United States and Asia Chan appointed training director of the company, presided over the technical training of workers to return to the textile bank, entered the day so-called Mr. Deng Yanda in Shanghai, joined to create the Volunteers organize workers in the Chou Chang, with himself as captain, coach self-defense tactics to prepare for war, shows a high degree of responsibility the old revolutionary soldier.
cold bureaucratic old colonel in 1937, the Japanese invaded, war Jun Hing, who respond to the motherland call abandoned business for the army again, back to the Political Department of the National Government the Central Military Commission, is one thousand years, first as Colonel Chief, he served as member of the design. He Whampoa Military Academy, Wuhan Branch, a female student while enrolled, and later became a famous war correspondent of the Bingying in her ; father stands about 1 meter 75, a tall be in Sichuan. body slim but not weak, either standing or walking are straight backs, walking strong, fast line speed, with the professional soldiers of the valiant temperament, NORTH PEAK demeanor. Qing Qu face, chiseled, sparse eyebrows good eyes, high nose, fair complexion, long fingers and smooth. a young man to stay too long hair, a bit like group were at a friend's affable, laughing, typical expression is the kind of subtle smile, unless he himself jokes, few open laugh. guttural heavy words, sounds cool and bright, Sichuan, Mandarin, language fluency, and more with classical allusions , humor, vivid, sonorous and forceful speech, no official gas Deva kings. from do not speak bad words, even the phrase r l curse will not encounter angry at most things is a l outrageous! r. wearing dressed in leisure time robe, chic suave, is a very charming man offended a lot of immediate supervisor, the official rough road, depressed unsuccessful .1926 Expedition, he was already the chief of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Political Department, but because When the Department of General Services in the political was a section chief, section chief of all was the oldest, one of the highest rank (colonel), his colleagues called him Director of colleagues are at least some became director. He was as the Chief of Personnel, is in fact a room when a member in name only, it is a featherbed, just step aside pension.
outstanding textile plant manager until an old friend in 1945, when he was Military Secretary Zhuang Mingyuan reserves the help of the General Logistics Department, he divorced from the political department, The first textile mills as director of the Central Military Commission, and finally returned to the Bank, promoted to major general, special skills, was able to fully display his talent and expertise to a few thousand people Dachang well managed. He was bold and come in Chongqing host Mr. Zhu Xuefan Labor Association (liberation of the State Minister of Posts and Telecommunications, KMT Central Committee Chairman), to implement a series of factory workers in the welfare measures, such as the eight-hour day, workers clubs, nursery workers, etc., supported by staff . behind the accusations, said: retain a successor director, in a very complex political situation struggling to maintain production. Chongqing eve of the liberation, many old friends advised him to go to Taiwan, he decided to make his life one of the most difficult decision to stay in the mainland, protecting plants from damage . Kuomintang decided to engage in the big bang before the retreat, to destroy the important factories and transportation facilities. underground to launch people to defend the city of Chongqing, maintain security. Chen Director in the underground and the support of factory workers to organize factory workers and care teams, the pro commander, set up power grid, stacking sandbags, dry food reserves, shift guards, fought three days and nights, and finally down to protect the intact plant, dedicated people, dedicated to a new era as a gift .1949 liberation day on November Chongqing , from his home, a new flag out side, there is also a PLA advance notice, the entire factory staff to read, and then personally led the staff into the city streets to welcome the People's Liberation Army.
Later, the act of his relatives and friends do not understand, of course, in good faith. For Mr. Chen Weizhong this major decision, his eldest son, Chen Shiping in his memoirs, some words were clear: sorry for him, but Chen said that in such a capable person, if he came to Taiwan, certainly fortune. But history should not assume that decided the fate, a lifelong pursuit of his progress, and efforts to adapt to the times, but also in the old society officialdom were removed many years, the KMT has deep understanding of people who thoroughly disappointed, this is his only possible choice I think is great wisdom and courage. I believe that even if he is fortunate enough to stay alive, and will not regret it. Active Protection works, word of mouth is very good, by the party and the people trust in government, but continued after the liberation as the director of Chen, six months after the mill was transferred to the new director of Chengdu, Chengdu, and was elected member of Provincial Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, but also as a business open attended the first session of western Sichuan Province People's Congress. can not think of drastic changes in the suppression of counter-revolutionary movement in 1951, was designated as the people, just because of his rank of major general In contrast, want to laugh not, want to say to say. That year he was 67 years old, tall shrink a little, slightly stooped, had to lean figure, had become more thin. the field all the way to Taiyuan, the children are to visit old Dad. looked at his old face, thought he was in there I do not know how hard to miss their children, and children who are out over and over again confessed his ;, blame him for their own back guilt, sorry for him. He understood the situation outside many of the children know of the situation. He did not blame that they understand and know the situation of children is also good either. When you hear the children because of his problems be affected by discrimination, he is very heavy, he kept sighing, repeated only said one sentence: That optimism, humor, personality, and not lost, he was so familiar with the lovely father. walking down the street, who can not see the former general and former prisoner of war, but a return to basics of the wise man, a civilians amiable old man. It is this open-minded and generous character, that go with the flow, pain in the ability to find fun, support that he survived years of humiliation, but also support the family through his wife and children six years of that long rough .
old man came out immediately after the resumption of the civil rights leader in Taiyuan an allowance for the CPPCC, often go there to learn. at home to help do some housework, playing with grandchildren, chicken gardening, frugal living a civilian life. Cultural Revolution period mess around so much noise, the daughter rebels work units have several negative shocks to their home, looking for the the company of their loved ones to spend a quiet old age, to hospice .1969 died of illness at the age of 73 years of age. at the time that the political situation, even the ashes are not left behind. The field of several children in the control of labor, who can not come back can only be in my heart silently mourning.
Mr. Chen Weizhong is a very capable, very bold person, has a very rich life experience with the legendary: Juvenile home, Nanyang wandering, war adventures, underground work, prison ordeal , film production, official removed from enterprise management, make over the left and right, gangsters and white all kinds of people, creating him the situation and calmly deal with the intelligence and life and death decisions, calm courage. He can be a complete betrayal of the feudal family of treason. Since his twenties, after leaving home, go forward, threw, in addition to the family back in 1935 had rates of Longchang funeral for his father, he has not really been back once. Even if the work of war back to the River ten years, should he choose to the unique experience of ups and downs, his pursuit and depression, really had to write a moving novel.
said to have no one expects, Mr Chen official for many years, and did not save a little fortune, is still have clean hands, neither a tile, no patch of land under, the company did not stock, the bank did not exchange. six brothers and sisters wore a hat short of the bourgeoisie, but never enjoyed the life of the bourgeoisie, let alone what a legacy. But For them, their parents left them the great spiritual wealth is the real inexhaustible precious heritage ah.
Mao Tsai
Xiaoxiang talented woman from the photo point of view, Chen Shi Xiongmei Mao Tsai is a mother with elegance, end Zhuang Xiuli knowledge of women. She is a young and courageous pursuit of revolutionary enthusiasm of the girls, middle age was a conscientious teacher, a wife and mother, a Lady of the general civilian population, to old age is still a ...
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